Saturday, February 28, 2015

Bert Cohler, Narrative and memories of an essential other

Max Ernst’s  “Angel of Hearth and Home” 


Reading through Adam Philiip’s lovely new philosophical essay Becoming Freud, I found myself thinking of my old mentor, Bert Cohler, who first engaged me in reading Freud two decades ago at University of Chicgao. The essay covered material Bert loved. As the book flap notes.

Becoming Freud is the story of the young Freud—Freud up until the age of fifty—that incorporates all of Freud’s many misgivings about the art of biography. Freud invented a psychological treatment that involved the telling and revising of life stories, but he was himself skeptical of the writing of such stories. In this biography, Adam Phillips, whom the New Yorker calls “Britain’s foremost psychoanalytical writer,” emphasizes the largely and inevitably undocumented story of Freud’s earliest years as the oldest—and favored—son of Jewish immigrants from Eastern Europe and suggests that the psychoanalysis Freud invented was, among many other things, a psychology of the immigrant—increasingly, of course, everybody’s status in the modern world.

In my years knowing Bert, we talked for hours about life writing and narrative, the way people tell stories and listen to others tell their stories.  His stories opened up a new way of looking at the world for me.  He helped me see the oral narratives I was compiling as an armchair historian and the assessments I was conducting as a social worker, these could function in much the same ways.


Bert then and shortly before he died, with a smile on his face.


At Chicago, I took his seminars and we met occasionally for coffee and a beer.  

That fall of 1996, we talked about Allan Ginsberg, who had just died, and the way to write about memories and lives, as well as connect with others while telling and listening to stories. Through psychoanalytic storytelling, he helped me see a framework for thinking about the way people tell their life stories. 

And I was not the only who felt that way.  Countless other friends and students remembered him that way.  My friend Sarah Schulman, who studied with Bert as an undergraduate in the 1970's, recalled writing a paper about the Interpretation of Dreams as an exploration of her lesbian identity.  The work would later form the basis of one of her novels. She later talked with Bert about that.  She recalled an extraordinary empathy is being around him. 

Bert was a mentor extraordinaire.  He continued the process years after I graduated from University of Chicago.  During those lunches, we told stories about the clients we were seeing, the books we were reading, connecting psychoanalysis with questions about hiv risk, the vulnerabilies of youth, sexuality, and narrative.  Bert helped me connect lives in time with a philosophy of narrative and psychoanalysis.

Our meetings in New York and Chicago were always fun.  The last time I saw him, we at oysters at the oyster bar.  “I just love oysters” Bert confessed over a beer. 

The night before Bert was giving a talk at the William Allanson White Institute, where I was in training.

There was no way to know that was the last time I’d see him.

We’d always loved writing about stories. I had helped comment on a book of his on gay male life writing and he’d offered suggestions for stories I could read that proved profoundly useful.

But over the years, our correspondence tapered off.   Bert was slowing down.  Still, he supported and mentored me from afar, drafting letters of recommendation for my first academic job and supporting me being a part of his last book.

Hammack, P.L., & Cohler, B.J. (Eds.). The story of sexual identity: Narrative
perspectives on the gay and lesbian life course. New York: Oxford University Press.
The last time I was in Chicago, giving a lecture at Layola, in 2012, I called Bert.  He said he was too tired to meet.  He would only live a few more months.

I did not find out he was gone till months later.

But his memories are always with me.  He demonstrated care through his gestures.  His view was that psychoanalysis should be for all, so he provided free long term psychoanalysis to patients.  His view was that universities should be places where researchers teach, so he taught and taught, above the call of duty.  He believed that we have to empathize, as he learned from Bettelheim, even as he forgive his mentor’s abuses, these were all hallmarks of who Bert was. 

When I met him, he was not quite out of the closet as a gay man, but he was getting there.  Everything was very secretive, but he brought me into his world.

Cohler in the classroom, as the master teacher.


We were all struck by Bert.  As another former student, Greg Holden, recalls, writing about a class with Bert.

''Picture yourself in a first-year Common Core class: ''Self, Culture, and Society,'' taught by Profesor Bertram Cohler. On this morning in Cobb Lecture Hall the room rings with voices and anticipation. A dozen students sit around a large table. The same number sit around the walls of the classroom. There is no ''head of the class,'' no lecrurer's podium. When Mr. Cohler comes in, he sits down at the table with the students. Papers rustle. Books are brought out of brightly colored backpacks. There is no lecture. He simply asks: ''How was Durkheim? What problems did it pose?''

Over our coffee meetings and in class, we talked about the blurry in between spaces of sexuality, identity and a queer sensibility which could help us all feel a little more human and at home with ourselves.   He wrote about his experiences as a gay man, going to bath houses, as a psychoanalyst, as a human, bring courage and honesty in countless ways. He connected psychoanalysis with narrative, philosophy with ethnography, and increasingly with authoethnophy as a method, he inspired me to explore.

And today, Bert remains with me.

I try to emulate Bert’s thoughtful entrance every time I walk into the room to teach.


He is there in the corners of my mind. Visiting Frances Bacon’s studio, in the Dublin City Gallery later that summer, I was taken by quiet images of his life and work, his photos of friends and catalogs strewn through his studio.  Throughout the trip, I had been reading the work of Bertram Cohler, my one time mentor at University of Chicago, who died this spring.  The last time I saw Bert for lunch at the Oyster Bar in New York in 2005.  He was here to deliver a paper at the White Institute where I was completing a one year course of study in psychoanalysis.  Waiting for Bert in the Oyster Bar, I was reading Freud’s case study of the Wolfman. 

Max Ernst’s  “Angel of Hearth and Home” is featured on the cover, so similar to Bacon.  The week before Dodi and I had gone to the Met where she declared “Wolfman” when she saw the picture on wall.  Bert smiled seeing the copy of the book.  We shared stories and books. He talked about his lecture at White ordering some clam chowder, oysters and a beer.  “I love oysters,” he confessed.  In the years to follow, his reference helped me get my first academic job.  He asked about a long life study I completed in graduate school, which I am now completing for a new book on friendships. In the years to follow that talk, he invited me to contribute an essay to his final published collection. Gradually, his correspondence became less and less engaged.   It was harder to reach him.  Last fall and spring I contacted him when I was in Chicago and he could not get together.  This summer, I looked up an article of his and saw his obituary. Over and over again in Chicago he advised that what connected social work and psychoanalysis  was advocacy. He framed case studies as narratives. But generativity was his life blood, he connected, empathized and cared about others. Today my copy of the Wolfman case study with the Ernst cover has those notes from that final engaged conversation. 

Like Harry Stack Sullivan, Cohler reminded us we all need “essential others;” we all need “chums” and not just as children, but throughout the course of our lives.  These connections can be the source of profound connections and even as sources of social change. 

And I think of Bert when I teach, when I talk with my students, and write about narrative.

Thanks for being a friend and mentor, and someone who asked the most of me, as I think about the messy corners of our minds, intentions, our dreams and stories.

And of course, I am not the only one to remember him fondly.  Robert Galzer Levy's keynote
address at the Conference Honoring Cohler is worth exploring. 



Friday, February 27, 2015

HASA for All and the Struggle for Queer Youth

  
The corner of Christopher and Weehawken Streets. 

During my dozen years as a social worker in AIDS services in New York and San Francisco, we used to hear stories about homeless youth who put themselves at risk so they could quality for benefits, particularly housing. Many reported there was no other way to get housing.  A tragic narrative yet, it is one that repeated today, all these years later.  Several speakers echoed the point yesterday at City Hall.  We were there to support Council Member CoreyJohnson's introduction of proposed city legislation to change HASA's medical eligibility to include asymptomatic HIV.  Known as "HASA for All" this proposed legislation would expand HASA benefits to all low-income, HIV+ New York City residents. Everyone was there to demonstrate strong community support for this proposed expansion and stand against homelessness!

Get youth out of the streets into housing. 


Carl Siciliano of the Ali Forney Center, noted that he was going to be quick because the youth with him spent too much time outside in the cold anyways.  He specifically referred to the new study by the Urban Institute on survival sex among homeless LGBTQ youth.




Surviving the Streets of New York: Experiences of LGBTQ Youth, YMSM, and YWSW Engaged in Survival Sex

Meredith DankJennifer YahnerKuniko MaddenIsela BanuelosLilly Yu, Andrea Ritchie, Mitchyll Mora, Brendan Conner
Read complete document: PDF 
Document date: February 25, 2015
Released online: February 25, 2015
Based on interviews with 283 youth in New York City, this is the first study to focus on lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ) youth; young men who have sex with men (YMSM); and young women who have sex with women (YWSW) who get involved in the commercial sex market in order to meet basic survival needs, such as food or shelter. The report documents these youth’s experiences and characteristics to gain a better understanding of why they engage in survival sex, describes how the support networks and systems in their lives have both helped them and let them down, and makes recommendations for better meeting the needs of this vulnerable population.


The study highlights the struggle of queer youth, often running away from abusive homes, hoping to find something better here, only to encounter more closed doors, limited services, and huge gaps in what is available for them.  Many are told where to find the best couches to sleep on or where to sleep on the trains when they go looking for services.  The number of beds available for homeless youth in New York rarely matches the needs.



And so people are organizing. At a zap of the human rights campaign fundraiser at the Waldorf Astoria last month, a few of us carried signs noting, “HRC 1% dines at the Waldorf while lgbt youth sleep in the streets.”  Today, advocates are pushing for increased services for queer youth. 

Photo  by Jamie Leo


On hand at the HRC zap was Andrew Velez, of New Alternatives, a programs run to provide services for homeless LGBT youth. Kate Barnhart, the program’s director, spoke about homeless queer youth and survival sex and how her programs addresses the gaps in services on Huffington Live.

Gina Quattrochi and several other speakers talked about the risks youth are forced to handle as they cope on the streets, themselves becoming HIV positive, and still unable to quality for HASA.  The gaps in housing services are startling.



Several speakers talked about being denied HASA, even though they were HIV positive. 



We have to “get out of 1983, get out of 1985, get out of 1989, and join us in 2014,” noted Housing Works Senior VP Andrew Coamey at City Hall last fall.  

Andrew Coamey


As Coamey explained at the rally:
“My job [at DAS in 1989] was to help people stay housed. People who came were losing their apartments because they had exhausted every financial resource they had to pay their rent. What we found was, I had to turn probably 2 of every 3 of the [HIV-positive] people who came to me for assistance away because they did not have an AIDS diagnosis. So people who could have stayed in their homes and avoided homelessness wound up on the streets—and I can tell you, back then, inevitably died. My clients died before I could house them. I said, that ain’t right, and so I found this wonderful organization Housing Works, where I’ve spent most of my adult life. Housing Works was founded on the premise that anyone, regardless of their situation in life, regardless if they use drugs, regardless if they have mental illness, regardless if they’re transgender, regardless of any of those things, deserves a decent, safe, affordable place to live, where they can not only live, they can thrive.
“In the 1990s I was in charge of our intake department….and the same nonsense happened over and over and over again. People would come in, they were sleeping on the trains, the subways….And their M11Qs [the required form doctors needed to complete for patients who need public assistance] would say ‘HIV-positive, asymptomatic.’ And I would say, ‘Sorry, there’s nothing I can do for you. You gotta go back to the shelter, I can give you a token and you can sleep on the subway, and I can give you half of my peanut-butter-and-jelly sandwich….But come back tomorrow and let’s see what we can do.’
Something is wrong with this that we are living in 1989 when it’s 2014. So what we need is a concerted effort to realize that what is driving this epidemic is…access to the basic food, nutrition, and shelter. People with HIVneed to [be able to] engage with those services that are available to them. So that’s what we’re doing here today. We’re gathered here today to say, ‘Get out of 1983, get out of 1985, get out of 1989, and join us in 2014.’ We gotta make sure that the door isn’t just open to this small group of people that have that piece of paper that says ‘I have an AIDS diagnosis,’ or ‘I’mHIV-symptomatic.’ We need to open that door for every single one of our brothers and sisters living with HIV in New York.
Sadly, far too many still argue that AIDS is over, now that it mostly effects the poor, people of color. Yet, ACT UP reminds us, AIDS is not history.  



HIV is spread by inequality, noted Council Member Corey Johnson, who introduced the HASA for all bill.  




We have to move beyond the stigmas and follow the science.  Housing is healthcare.  Its the best way to end AIDS now.  But people have to be able to get the housing.  HASA for All moves the process.



Tuesday, February 24, 2015

The Public is disappearing: From Moral Mondays to the POPS at 622 Third Avenue



For years now, my activism has included struggles for public space and a public commons.  

After all, the private seems to be consuming everything in its path, including the public.  While, the streets are our most vital of public spaces, car drivers, in their private steel spaces, crash into cyclists and pedestrians walking with the right of way in the streets.  

Banks foreclose on homes and bankroll private businesses creeping in public parks.  Walk around Union Square and watch lines of private businesses fill the space, as the public shrinks. 

And regular people push back, supporting a commons for all. 

Public education and unions are all part of this public commons. They help us connect, feel part of something broader than ourselves as we build plans for a collective future.  Here history and struggles for something better connect in a story of mutuality. Unions, and by extension, public spaces, help us beat back inequality, giving us something we can all hold and feel connected to.

Of course, many of us in unions are in a sour mood.  It has been years since we’ve had a contract.  

The Professional Staff Congress at CUNY recently sent a letter to the CUNY board of trustees, making their case.

“During the more than five years since our last raise, costs in New York City have soared, CUNY enrollment has grown, salaries at competing institutions have kept pace with inflation, and CUNY faculty and staff have been required to take on bigger workloads as initiatives by college presidents and CUNY administration proliferate,” said President Bowen in the letter. “We doubt that any of you would work at your positions for five years without a raise, and you clearly did not expect a chancellor to work at the pay rate of 2009. Why, then, should we?”

And some unions pushing back in reactive ways. (I, for one, am horrified by the behavior of the TWO fighting back against the Right of Way Law and the PBA protesting police reforms). 

Yet, the larger picture is that public sector workers need support to do their jobs, as we support the city.  Many are pushing for a smarter distribution of wealth and a degree of fairness that will benefit us all.

This is the battle of our time Barbara Bowen, of our union, noted the other day at the delegate assembly of the Professional Staff Congress.  Our contract is five years late.  And the struggle to keep up is only becoming more and more difficult.

So we, met on Monday at noon for the Moral Monday Vigil for Public Education. The PSCinvitation noted:

Teachers, parents, professors and education workers from across the city will gather for a vigil outside Gov. Cuomo’s NYC office (633 3rd Ave. between 41st and 42nd) on Mon., Feb. 23 at 12:00 noon. This latest Moral Monday demonstration is to demand a State budget that represents fairness, equity and justice for our public schools. Join clergy of all faiths and community activists as they call on lawmakers to fully fund our schools, halt the expansion of charter schools and not divert any money to private institutions. 

We met at 633 3rd Avenue to talk about creating a moral budget which supports people’s needs.




My friends from Alliance for Quality Education were there, as were my comrades from the Professional Staff Congress and Judson Memorial Church.  We’ve been here before.  Last year, we met here, extending these weekly vigils / rallies into a civil disobedience in front of the office of the governor of New York.

Paul Russell, oj Judson, argued at the time.
As the struggle against the budget that takes from the poor and gives to the rich continues we need to bring into our houses of worship and let our political representatives know that the governors budget does not work for us. 

So we met there in freezing temperatures again.

Rev. Schaper


This is about fundamental fairness, preached Donna Schaper, of Judson Memorial Church.


Rev Schaper and Maria Bautista. 



2011 procession with the golden calf down to occupy lead by members of Judson.


“The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children,” preached Imam Alraey.

“It is our moral obligation to give every child the very best education possible,” noted Pastor Osei Kofi.

Governor Cuomo fund our public schools, the crowd responded.



 So we  prayed and dreamed of what New York could be.
And we sang, this little light of mine.

This was the message of Occupy and its struggle for a right of the 99% to find a space for itself, despite the strangle hold the 1% have on our city, its resources and even its space.

One of the messages of Occupy, of course, was that of the 1% privatizing profits and socializing losses.

Such logic continues today. 

One sees it everywhere in New York.  Finishing the rally, Brother Ron and I went to get lunch, sitting to have a sandwich at the privately owned public space (POPS) at 622 Third Ave.  





Privately Owned Public Spaces, abbreviated as "POPS", are an amenity provided and maintained by a developer for public use, in exchange for additional floor area. 

POPS typically contain functional and visual amenities such as tables, chairs and planting for the purpose of public use and enjoyment. Privately Owned Public Spaces are permitted in the City’s high-density commercial and residential districts and are intended to provide light, air, breathing room and green space to ease the predominately hard-scaped character of the City’s densest areas. Since 1961, the Zoning Resolution has allowed for several different types of privately owned public space, including plazas, arcades, urban plazas, residential plazas, sidewalk widenings, open air concourses, covered pedestrian spaces, through block arcades and sunken plazas. 

When Greg and I wrote the Beach Beneath the Streets, about New York’s public spaces, we frequently talked about the need to test out the pops, to see if they were being used as they were designed, open for public access, or were they  cordoned off the public from access?

Part of what madeOccupy Wall Street so vital was the connection to a privately owned public space (POPS) just off Wall Street. This was a space where people could hang out 24/7.  There are hundreds - 525 if you're really counting- of pops throughout New York city, created as for zoning concessions.  For each square food of public space created in the plazas out front of buildings, they were allowed to increase height and bulk above. Yet, the building owners rarely wanted the public to fully access these spaces.  This was the conclusion of Greg Smithsimon and I in The Beach Beneath the Streets: Contesting New York's Public Spaces.  

Sadly, the latter is often the case.  It was today.  Eating there, a security guard told me I could not eat there.  But there are no signs prohibiting eating at the pops, just indications that this is a public space.
We were told that we were trespassing in this public space. 

I asked the security guards for the rules stating that we could not eat there.

You can go eat outside, they explained pointing out to the freezing outside.

We said we would finish our meal first and see what would happen.

Security was not happy with us. But sadly, this is not an uncommon feature of the experience of the pops. Many security seem to do the bidding of the real estate owners or building managers making handsome profits off the increased height and bulk they gained for free in exchange for creating the pops on the ground.  Yet, many seem reluctant to hold up their end of the bargain, allowing  the public real access to the spaces they are required to provide.

I ask for security for their rational for asking people eating in a public to leave.

No answer. And then he said we would make a mess.  

We said we'd clean up the mess. 

So, we ate and waited for the police who the security said they were calling.

Needless to say, they did not come.  

Only the security guard stood menacingly staring with his arms crossed, asking us to leave. 


But it may be time to test out the accessibility of spaces such as this, as we’ve done in the past.

As Greg points out, the pops  at 622 3rd Ave is specifically required to provide food, even as the space is being renovated at great expense and profit.  He pointed me to the profile of the space., noting: "The new design upgrades everything, including the seating, tables, landscaping, trees, and surface materials, and requires a food service kiosk which must be operated in good faith at reasonable times."

Profile from Privately Owned Public Space: The New York City Experience, by Jerold S. Kayden, The New York City Department of City Planning, and the Municipal Art Society of New York (John Wiley & Sons 2000). Because this profile was published in 2000, it may not accurately reflect current conditions.

As of this writing, the privately owned public spaces at 622 Third Avenue, formerly the Empire Blue Cross and Blue Shield headquarters, are undergoing a resizing, reconfiguration, and renovation under the terms of a zoning modification granted by the City Planning Commission in October, 1998. The newly approved plan is meant to produce superior clarity, functionality, and amenity to what has been a challenging and challenged effort of multilevel outdoor public space design.
Although the building has a one-story frontage and an address on Third Avenue, the bulk of its square footage is concentrated in the mid-block through-block tower located between Third and Lexington Avenues, with entrances on both East 40th and 41st Streets. From here, the public spaces radiate outward and upward in a highly complex, three-dimensional galaxy. The proposed alterations will not change most of these basic spatial alignments. “As-of-right” plaza will continue to be located west of the East 41st Street building frontage, with new planters and bike rack, and “as-of-right”arcade spaces will still grace the East 41st and 40th Street building entrances. Previously, two through block arcades formed a T-junction mid-block at the eastern edge of the tower, one running north-south between East 40th and 41st Streets, the other connecting Third Avenue to the midpoint of the north-south through block arcade. Now, the north-south through block arcade will be enclosed at both ends, while the east-west through block arcade will have its roof removed and be legally reclassified as plaza space.
An urban plaza will replace and functionally upgrade what had been an obscure, terraced “as-of-right” plaza running through-block between East 40th and 41st Streets adjacent to the north-south through block arcade. The linear space will be reconstructed to be completely at grade, with three areas of landscaped planters down the middle, plentiful ledge seating, and tables and chairs. Most significantly, the Escher-like erection of outdoor escalators and stairs next to East 40th Street that provided entry to the landscaped terrace one level up will be removed. Although theoretically useful for easy access, the escalators were often out-of-order and the overall structure maderead more


Photo: Kayden et al. (2000)
Although the building has a one-story frontage and an address on Third Avenue, the bulk of its square footage is concentrated in the mid-block through-block tower located between Third and Lexington Avenues, with entrances on both East 40th and 41st Streets. From here, the public spaces radiate outward and upward in a highly complex, three-dimensional galaxy. The proposed alterations will not change most of these basic spatial alignments. “As-of-right” plaza will continue to be located west of the East 41st Street building frontage, with new planters and bike rack, and “as-of-right”arcade spaces will still grace the East 41st and 40th Street building entrances. Previously, two through block arcades formed a T-junction mid-block at the eastern edge of the tower, one running north-south between East 40th and 41st Streets, the other connecting Third Avenue to the midpoint of the north-south through block arcade. Now, the north-south through block arcade will be enclosed at both ends, while the east-west through block arcade will have its roof removed and be legally reclassified as plaza space.
An urban plaza will replace and functionally upgrade what had been an obscure, terraced “as-of-right” plaza running through-block between East 40th and 41st Streets adjacent to the north-south through block arcade. The linear space will be reconstructed to be completely at grade, with three areas of landscaped planters down the middle, plentiful ledge seating, and tables and chairs. Most significantly, the Escher-like erection of outdoor escalators and stairs next to East 40th Street that provided entry to the landscaped terrace one level up will be removed. Although theoretically useful for easy access, the escalators were often out-of-order and the overall structure made the mid-block part of the plaza feel trapped and disconnected. By opening up the southern end, more light and air and a greater sense of openness and freedom should prevail.
The escalators have been traded in for an elevator at the northwest corner of the landscaped terrace to ferry individuals mechanically to and from the space, while stairs will continue to provide access from Third Avenue north of the corner at East 40th Street. Hopefully this combination will adequately handle user traffic to the newest incarnation of the landscaped terrace occupying the rooftop of the tower’s one-story extension at the corner of Third Avenue and East 40th Street. That space has always had promise, with its southern exposure and remove from the street, but the original design and amenities never matched the promise. Mushroom-domed tables, molded plastic seats, and planters with trimmed hedges proved perfunctory at best, depressing at worst. The new design upgrades everything, including the seating, tables, landscaping, trees, and surface materials, and requires a food service kiosk which must be operated in good faith at reasonable times. If all works as planned, this landscaped terrace should prove a substantial lunchtime competitor to the elevated public space at Murray Hill Mews three blocks south on East 37th Street west of Third Avenue.

I thought about the pops all the way home.  Today, it looks like the private is attempting to consumer the public, but only if regular people allow this to happen.